Yes, However it will depend on what equipment you are using to make a skype call whether you need to have your PC on.
Products are being released that allow you to make and receive skype calls without your PC on (or a PC required after configuration of the phone). These include:
DUALPhone 3088 | Netgear SPH200D | Linksys CIT400
These corldess handsets handle both your skype calls AND your calls from your existing PSTN number.
These types of handsets show your contacts online and will allow you to make and receive calls from skype contacts and calls from your existing PSTN number. These phones are cordless and you can move easily around your house talking free to other skype users around the world.
Read a helpful skype article from The Age skype loses PC Tethers
Keywords: skype no pc